Page 28 - 高中英语小题狂做·选择性必修第三册·YL

6 高中英语小题狂做·选择性必修第三册·YL

二、 主语从句

主语从句在复合句中作主句的主语,通常由从属连词 that、whether、if 和连接代词 what、who、which、whose、
whatever、whoever、whichever 以及连接副词 how、when、where、why 等引导。 that 在句中无实义,不充当句子成分,只
起连接作用;连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留疑问含义又起连接作用,在从句中充当句子成分。

1. that 引导主语从句时,that 在从句中无意义,不作任何成分。
That the heavy haze is harming our health is quite apparent.
2. whether/ if 引导主语从句时,whether/ if 在从句中不作成分,意为“是否”。
Whether they will have the meeting hasn t been decided yet.
3. 连接代词 who、whose、which、what、whoever、whatever、whichever 和连接副词 when、where、how、why、whenever、
wherever、however 引导主语从句时,连接代词或连接副词在从句中有意义,充当一定成分。
Whoever comes will be welcome.
Whatever is at the centre of our life will be the source of our wisdom and power.
How you think and act will influence your life.

When you can make it depends on your efforts.
4. 有时为了使句子结构平衡,避免“头重脚轻”,常用 it 作形式主语,而把主语从句,即真正的主语,放在后面。
It is a pity that she has made such a mistake.
It is very important that a student (should) learn English well.
It is suggested that the meeting (should) be put off.
it 作形式主语的 that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系:
(1) It + be + 形容词 + that 从句

It is necessary that. . .
It is important that. . .
It is obvious that. . .
(2) It + be + -ed 分词 + that 从句
It is believed that. . .
It is known to all that. . .
It has been decided that. . .
(3) It + be + 名词 + that 从句

It is common knowledge that. . .
It is a surprise that. . .
It is a fact that. . .
(4) It + 不及物动词 + that 从句
It appears that. . .
It happens that. . .
It occurred to me that. . .

【自测 1】 单项选择

(1) They lost their way in the forest, and made matters worse was that night began to fall.
A. it B. which C. that D. what
(2) It is pretty well understood controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today.
A. that B. when C. what D. how
(3) she couldn t understand was fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.
A. What; why B. That; what C. What; because D. Why; that