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核心笔记 9
注意:用 and 连接两个表示职业或身份的名词时,如果两个名词前只有一个冠词,通常情况下指的是同一个人或事
物;如果两个名词前都有冠词,则通常指两个不同的人或事物。
He is the gardener and gatekeeper. 他是园丁兼门卫。
They are the gardener and the gatekeeper. 他们一个是园丁,一个是门卫。
(2) 在 as/ though 引导的状语从句的倒装结构中,当句首是名词时,要省略冠词.
Child as he is, he knows a lot about English literature.
Star though she is, the girl always remains modest.
(3) 表示独一无二的头衔、职位等的名词作表语或补足语时,常省略冠词。
The man who is speaking is dean of the English department. (作表语)
She was appointed director of the commercial organization. (作补足语)
(4) 在某些独立主格结构中也要省略冠词。
He came in, book in hand. = He came in, with a book in his hand.
(5) 副词的最高级前通常省略定冠词 the。
The hungry young man eats most.
2. 常见介词的省略
(1) 在表示一段时间的名词短语中,介词 for 常省略,但 for 用于否定句或句首时不可省略。
The big fire lasted (for) several hours.
For a whole year, I was helping my dad on the farm.
I haven t heard from him for a long time.
(2) 介词 of 在与 age、size、material、colour、height、shape 等表示年龄、大小、材料、颜色、高度、形状等的名词连用时,常
可省略。
The two pairs of shoes are (of) the same size.
(3) 在动词-ing 形式前介词的省略现象
常用的这类短语或句式有:
have difficulty/ trouble (in) doing sth 做某事有困难
spend / waste (in) doing sth 花费/ 浪费……做某事
stop/ prevent (from) doing sth 阻止……做某事
be occupied (in) doing sth 忙于做某事
have a good/ pleasant time (in) doing sth 做某事很开心
3. 连词和从句引导词的省略
(1) 引导宾语从句的连词 that 常可省略;并列的宾语从句中的第一个引导词 that 也可省略,但是第二个引导词 that
不可省略。
He said (that) he had come here an hour before and that he had checked in at a hotel.
(2) 关系代词代替先行词在定语从句中作宾语且其前没有介词时,常省略关系代词。
Do you still remember the name of the company (that) we visited last month?
(3) not only but (also) 、whether (or not)、so (that)、now (that)等连词可省略括号中的词。
He was not only a writer but (also) an actor.
Whether he ll attend the meeting (or not) is not known yet.
The vase had been put on the top of the cupboard so (that) it wouldn t get broken.
Now (that) we are all ready, let s start.
4. 动词不定式的省略
(1) 动词不定式符号 to 的省略
①had better、would rather、would rather than、cannot but、why (not)、cannot help but、may as well 等结构后面的不定式
