Page 24 - 高中英语小题狂做·必修第三册·RJ
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2 高中英语小题狂做·必修第三册·RJ
a walking stick = a stick for walking 拐杖
2. 现在分词(短语)作定语
(1) 位置
现在分词形式作定语在句中通常有两个位置:如果是单个的现在分词形式作定语,常放在被修饰词之前作前置
定语;如果是现在分词形式的短语作定语,则常放在被修饰词之后作后置定语。
He is an attacking player.
He asked an embarrassing question.
A little child learning to walk often falls.
Do you know the number of people coming to the party?
(2) 功能
表示被修饰词的动作或状态,被修饰词与现在分词之间是主动关系,相当于一个定语从句。
a sleeping baby = a baby who is sleeping 一个正在睡觉的婴儿
The boy standing by the window is my classmate. = The boy who is standing by the window is my classmate.
The girl performing on the stage has a gift for dance. = The girl who is performing on the stage has a gift for dancing.
3. 动词-ing 形式作定语的特点
(1) 说明被修饰词的性质、特征或用途。
They set up an operating table in a small temple.
He may be in the reading room, for all I know.
Ladies and gentlemen, please go and wait in the meeting room.
(2) 与被修饰词为主动关系且表示正在进行的动作。
There were about 200 children studying in the art school.
Who is the woman talking to our English teacher?
(3) 有些动词-ing 形式已经转化成形容词,常作定语,用来修饰物,表示“令人……的”。 常用的此类词有 exciting、
amusing、amazing、astonishing 等。
That must have been a terrifying experience.
The experiment was an amazing success.
(4) 动词-ing 形式作定语时,如果被修饰词与它是被动关系,就用它的被动式,即 being done。 being done 通常表示
“正在被做”,常作后置定语。
The tall building being built now is our new school.
The question being discussed was presented by the headmaster.
注意:现在分词(短语)的完成式 having done 一般只用来作状语,不作定语。
The temple having been destroyed by the earthquake will be rebuilt soon. ( ×)
Having been destroyed by the earthquake, the temple will be rebuilt soon. (√)
(二) 动词-ing 形式作表语
1. 动名词(短语)作表语,表示抽象的一般性的行为,用来说明主语的内容,与主语通常是同一概念,表语和主语常
可互换位置。
One of his weaknesses is telling lies. = Telling lies is one of his weaknesses.
2. 现在分词(短语)作表语,表示主语的某种性质和特征,这类分词通常可以看作形容词。
The report is very disturbing.
【自测】 单句填空
(1) (clean) women in big cities usually get paid by the hour.
(2) No one has come up with a (convince) explanation of why this kind of animal is dying out.
(3) The room is empty except for a bookshelf (stand) in one corner.
(4) All customers (travel) on TransLink services must be in possession of a valid ticket before boarding.
(5) Landing on the moon s far side is extremely (challenge).
