Page 24 - 高中英语小题狂做·选择性必修第四册·RJ
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2 高中英语小题狂做·选择性必修第四册·RJ
(4) 一般过去时:was/ were done
I was given ten minutes to describe my teaching design of this unit.
(5) 过去完成时:had been done
By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.
(6) 过去进行时:was/ were being done
The restaurant was being cleaned when he came.
(7) 一般将来时:shall / will / be going to/ be about to/ be to be done
Human workers will be replaced by robots in dangerous work.
(8) 过去将来时:①would be done; ②was/ were going to be done; ③was/ were about to be done
The news would be sent to the soldier s mother as soon as it arrived.
2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式
(1) 含有情态动词的被动结构:情态动词+be+过去分词
The baby should be taken good care of by the babysitter.
(2) 有些动词有两个宾语,在用于被动结构时,可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语, 另一个宾语仍然保留在谓
语后面。 通常变为主语的是间接宾语。
His mother gave him a present for his birthday. →He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.
(3) 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时,将宾语变为被动结构中的主语,其余不变。
Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. →The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.
(4) 在使役动词 have、make、get 以及感官动词 see、watch、notice、hear、feel、observe 等后面用动词不定式作宾语补足
语时,主动结构中不定式符号 to 要省略,但变为被动结构时,要加上 to。
Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. →A stranger was seen to walk into the building.
3. 非谓语动词的被动语态
v. -ing 形式及动词不定式 to do 也有被动语态(一般时态和完成时态)。
I don t like being laughed at in the public.
(二) It is said that 从句和其他类似句型
一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如 believe、consider、expect、report、say、suppose、think 等可以用于句型“It+be+
过去分词+that 从句”或“主语+be+过去分词+to do sth”。
It is said that 据说……
It is reported that 据报道……
It is believed that 人们认为……
It is hoped that 大家希望……
It is well known that 众所周知……
It is thought that 大家认为……
It is suggested that 据建议……
It is said that the boy has passed the national exam.
(三) 谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义
1. 英语中有很多动词如 tear、sell、read、write、wash 等,当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时,常用其主动形式
表达被动意义,主语通常是物。
Kites made of paper tear easily.
注意:主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征,而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。
2. 系动词没有被动形式,但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词如 feel、sound、taste、look、feel 等在主系表结构中常以主
动形式表示被动意义。
Your suggestion sounds reasonable.
(四) 非谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义
在某些句型中可用动名词和动词不定式的主动形式表被动意义。
