Page 24 - 高中英语小题狂做·必修第三册·YL

2 高中英语小题狂做·必修第三册·YL

三、 易混淆词语辨析

1. damage hurt harm

damage:指毁坏、破坏、伤害、损害,主要指对价值和功能的破坏,多用于无生命的东西,一般还可修复

hurt:指伤害、损害,既可指肉体上的伤害,也可指感情上的伤害
harm:(通常指故意地)伤害、损害、危害(人或动物),有时可指引起不安或不便,还可用于抽象事物,尤其是指不
道德的事情
【自测】 选词填空

damage hurt harm
(1) Pollution can marine life.

(2) The fire badly the town hall.
(3) His words my feelings.
2. live living alive
·这三个词的共同意思是“活着的,活的”。 其区别在于:
live:通常指物,不指人,常用来作定语置于名词之前

living:强调说明“尚在人间”“健在”,可引申为“现存的;逼真的”,可用来指人或物,作定语或表语

alive:侧重说明生与死之间的界限,指虽有死的可能,但仍然活着;多用于指人;可用来作表语、后置定语或宾语补
足语

【自测】 选词填空
live living alive

(4) He was buried in the earthquake.
(5) He has never seen a tiger.
(6) English is a language.
(7) The mortally wounded man was unconscious but still .
3. break up break down break out break in

break up:表示“打碎;变坏;分解(侧重于物理上);终止;破裂,分手”
break down:表示“瓦解;分解(侧重于化学上);失败;出故障;破坏;拆毁;(情绪)崩溃”

break out:表示“爆发;突然发生”

break in:表示“强行闯入;打断;插嘴”
【自测】 选词填空

break up break down break out break in
(8) He said his computer .

(9) Those old cars will be for scrap(废铁).
(10) A fire after we had gone home.
(11) The boy often while his parents are speaking.
(12) My girlfriend has with me.
(13) A thief and stole a lot of things last night.
(14) Over time, the protein in the eggshell into its constituent amino acids(氨基酸).
Keys:
选词填空

(1) harm (2) damaged (3) hurt (4) alive (5) live (6) living (7) alive (8) had broken down (9) broken up
(10) broke out (11) breaks in (12) broken up (13) broke in (14) breaks down